What condition occurs when air enters the bloodstream during a dive?

The condition that occurs when air enters the bloodstream during a dive is known as an air embolism. This happens when a diver experiences a rapid change in pressure, often during ascent, which can cause gas bubbles (usually nitrogen or oxygen) to form and enter the circulatory system. These gas bubbles can block blood vessels, leading to serious complications such as tissue damage, organ failure, or even death if they obstruct critical blood flow.

Understanding the mechanisms surrounding an air embolism is vital for divers, as it emphasizes the importance of proper ascent rates and adherence to safety protocols to minimize the risk of this potentially life-threatening condition. The physiological processes involved, including how gas behaves under pressure and the effects of rapid decompression, also highlight the importance of training and knowledge in dive planning and execution.